Depression
Depression (major depressive disorder) is a common and serious mental health condition that causes persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest in activities. It affects how you feel, think, and handle daily activities. Depression is NOT a sign of weakness and is treatable.
Quick Facts
Category:mental-health
Prevalence:10-15% of Zimbabwean adults; Higher in people with chronic illnesses
Common Symptoms
Persistent sad, empty, or hopeless mood
Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed
Fatigue and lack of energy
Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
Sleep problems (insomnia or oversleeping)
Appetite changes (eating too much or too little)
Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
Physical aches and pains with no clear cause
Restlessness or slowed movement
Thoughts of death or suicide
Causes & Risk Factors
- Brain chemistry imbalance (neurotransmitters: serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine)
- Genetic factors (runs in families)
- Hormonal changes (pregnancy, menopause, thyroid problems)
- Traumatic or stressful life events
- Chronic medical conditions
- Certain medications
- Family history of depression or mental illness
- Major life changes or chronic stress
- Trauma or abuse (physical, sexual, emotional)
- Chronic illness (HIV, diabetes, cancer, chronic pain)
- Substance abuse
- Low self-esteem
- Social isolation or loneliness
- Financial problems or unemployment
- Bereavement or loss
Prevention Strategies
- Build strong relationships and social support
- Exercise regularly (30 minutes most days)
- Get adequate sleep (7-8 hours)
- Eat balanced, nutritious meals
- Limit alcohol; avoid drugs
- Manage stress (prayer, meditation, relaxation)
- Seek help early if symptoms appear
- Continue treatment even when feeling better
- Join support groups
When to Seek Medical Care
- •Symptoms last more than 2 weeks
- •Symptoms interfere with work, school, or relationships
- •Feeling hopeless or that life isn't worth living
- •Using alcohol or drugs to cope
- •Difficulty caring for yourself or your family
- •Physical symptoms with no medical cause
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider for personalized medical guidance and treatment recommendations.
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