HIV/AIDS
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) attacks the body's immune system, specifically CD4 cells (T cells), which help fight off infections. If untreated, HIV reduces the number of CD4 cells, making the body vulnerable to other infections and cancers. AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is the most advanced stage of HIV infection.
Quick Facts
Category:Infectious Diseases
Prevalence:12-15% of Zimbabwean adults (ages 15-49)
Common Symptoms
Fever and chills
Swollen lymph nodes
Sore throat
Rash
Muscle aches and joint pain
Night sweats
Unexplained weight loss
Persistent diarrhea
Oral thrush (white spots in mouth)
Recurring infections
Causes & Risk Factors
- Unprotected sexual contact with HIV-positive person
- Sharing needles, syringes, or other drug equipment
- Mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding
- Blood transfusion with infected blood (rare with screening)
- Needlestick injury with infected blood
- Having unprotected sex
- Having multiple sexual partners
- Having other sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
- Injecting drugs and sharing needles
- Having a partner who is HIV-positive
- Engaging in commercial sex work
Prevention Strategies
- Use condoms correctly every time
- Get tested regularly and know your partner's status
- Take PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) if at high risk
- Don't share needles or drug equipment
- Get treated for STIs promptly
- If HIV-positive and pregnant, take ARVs to prevent transmission
- Voluntary medical male circumcision (reduces risk by 60%)
- PEP (Post-Exposure Prophylaxis) within 72 hours after exposure
When to Seek Medical Care
- •If you had unprotected sex or shared needles
- •If you have symptoms of acute HIV infection
- •If your partner is HIV-positive
- •If you are pregnant and may have been exposed to HIV
- •For regular HIV testing (every 3-6 months if at high risk)
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider for personalized medical guidance and treatment recommendations.
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