Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a chronic condition where the force of blood against artery walls is consistently too high. Often called the "silent killer" because it usually has no symptoms but can lead to serious complications.
Quick Facts
Category:Chronic Conditions
Prevalence:30-40% of Zimbabwean adults
Common Symptoms
Most people have NO symptoms
Some may experience headaches
Shortness of breath
Dizziness
Nosebleeds (rare)
Flushing
Causes & Risk Factors
- Essential (primary) hypertension - no identifiable cause (90% of cases)
- Secondary hypertension - caused by underlying condition (kidney disease, hormonal disorders)
- Age (risk increases with age)
- Family history
- Obesity
- Physical inactivity
- High salt diet
- Excessive alcohol
- Smoking
- Chronic stress
- Sleep apnea
- Certain chronic conditions (diabetes, kidney disease)
Prevention Strategies
- Maintain healthy weight
- Exercise regularly (150 minutes per week)
- Reduce sodium intake (<2,300 mg per day, ideally <1,500 mg)
- Eat DASH diet (rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains)
- Limit alcohol
- Don't smoke
- Manage stress
- Get adequate sleep
When to Seek Medical Care
- •If blood pressure is consistently ≥140/90 mmHg
- •If you have risk factors and haven't been screened
- •If experiencing severe headaches
- •If you have diabetes or kidney disease
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider for personalized medical guidance and treatment recommendations.
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